Подготовка учащихся к диалогическому высказыванию.

Любой диалог проходит три стадии:

1. Инициирование разговора ( объяснение ситуации, запрос информации, выдвижение предложений)

2. Развитие разговора ( ответная реплика ( согласие \ несогласие, выражение предпочтения, удивления , сожаления, уверенности….) , реакция на сбой разговора (просьба разъяснить \ объяснить), вовлечение партнёра в разговор (выяснение мнения партнёра, заставить партнёра делать предложения, выдвигать свои идеи…)

3. Завершение разговора (прийти к определённому мнению, согласию, подвести итог дискуссии, выдвинуть основания, закончить разговор)

Сначала необходимо закрепить в речи «речевые образцы» по всем трём стадиям диалога.

1)     Initiating / Focusing

  • There are several possibilities for…. /  So,  we have to……. /  Let’s talk about……first,  shall we?
  • Let’s see what the good points are / I think we will (would) need to ….so…
  • What do you think?  /  Do you think we should…..? /   What shall we do first?
  • What’s your opinion? / What about you? /  Do you agree?  / And what else?

 

2) Polite Requests

  • Can I ask you  a personal question? – Of course, go ahead / Would you mind if  I ask you…..
  • I’d also like to know some information about…….  /        Could you tell me about……..?
  • Could I have a …..( receipt)  ?   /   Do you think   I could have…?
  • Could you take this….. to…., please? /   Would you mind  +Ving ? /  Is it all right if …..?
  • Could you possibly……. ? /   Would it be possible to ………?
  • OK / Yes, sure / Yes, certainly / Yes, of course / Yes, I’ll do that / I’m sorry, but…..
  • Excuse me.   Could you……., please? – Yes, certainly.
  • Thank you.                                           – You’re welcome.

 

 

3) Making Suggestions / Discussing Suggestions / Giving Opinion

  • Why don’t we do this? /   How about …+Ving? /     What about…+ Ving  ?
  • Let’s do this /           Let’s decide about…first, shall we?
  • What do you think…? / Do you think we should…?
  • Perhaps we should… / What shall we do first? / So, what do you think we should do……..?
  • How do you feel about this?
  • It’d be a good idea if we…     /  What would be really great is if we… /     It’s about time we…           That’s a good idea         / Surely, it’d be better…
  • OK, let’s do that /    OK. Why don’t we both do that?
  • That sounds like a good idea / That’s a great  idea /  I think the best  thing to do would be to… / It would be a good idea to…/ I’ve got a good idea…/   I’ve got a better idea ……./   That sounds a bit boring…/  I don’t think that’s such a good idea because……..
  • Personally, I’m not that keen on…/  You know, it’s not really my thing /  Don’t you think……? / And, to be honest…./  That’s not the point

4)  Agreeing / Disagreeing

  • That’s a good point /   I absolutely agree /  You’re right       /  That’s true /     Yes, but…..
  • I’m afraid you’re wrong     /       I see what you mean, but don’t you think……….  ?
  • I don’t think I would go along with that  /   Yes, but isn’t it also true that……..?
  • That sounds like a good idea   /  I’m not sure about that

 

5) Expressing Feelings / Likes and Dislikes

  • Wow! / Really! / Goodness! /  What a surprise!
  • I (really) like/ enjoy /  love  /       I really like doing that too     /     I’m not keen on…/  Oh dear. What a pity /  Never mind   I don’t like………. / I can’t stand……….. / I hate…….
  • I find it really….(interesting / awful….) /    It looks a bit……(strange / difficult…)
  • It makes me….(angry/ worried / smile  /  want to…..)

 

6) Making Choices

 

  • I prefer…..to……./   I’d rather …..(do/have…) than…/  I’d rather we had……than……/  I much prefer………/    I  wouldn’t mind +Ving
  • The thing I like best is………./      I don’t think I’d like to ……..
  • I find it really….(interesting / awful….) /    It looks a bit……(strange / difficult…)

7) Offering  and expressing  opinion

  • It’s very difficult to say, but I think……/  What I mean is……/  In my opinion…..
  • It’s not something I feel very strongly about, but………
  • Actually I feel quite strongly that……./   I’m quite certain that………
  • Personally , I feel…/  think…/ suppose…/  guess…
  • I’ve never really thought about it, but I suppose…/  I don’t really like…but if I had to choose….
  • I think it’d be better if…./  I think we should…

8) Developing the discussion

  • I’d like to add something to what you / I just said………
  • There’s another thing I wanted to say…….
  • The good  /  bad  thing  is……./  One advantage / disadvantage is……/  On the other hand…….

9) Speculating

  • It  could be…./  might be…/  might have been…/ must be…/  can’t be…
  • I think…

    Probably….

    Perhaps…

     

    this would be good for ……….

 

this  might not help in the situation / this could cause problems

 

  • I get the impression that …………/    I would imagine ……..       /     I would guess ………
  • It’s hard to say, but I think… /   It seems to me that…/ It looks like a…./ It looks as if it’s…

 

10) Summarizing and Reporting a decision / Coming to a conclusion

  • So, shall we say……..? /    I think we’ve agreed that…….. / So, we’ve decided………
  • What have we decided then? /     So, let’s decide which one……… / OK, so which (two) are the best?
  • Well, I chose……../ We both agreed that………/  N. was in favour of…..but I thought…….
  • Neither of us liked…………/  So that was the conclusion we reached:……………

Предлагаемые экзаменационные билеты носят примерный характер и могут быть использованы в качестве основы при разработке экзаменационных материалов с учетом образовательной программы данной школы. Диалогические умения предлагается проверять в ситуации общения ( в режиме: Учитель-Ученик; Ученик-Ученик).

 

Card 1

You  decided to take a language course.  Telephone   the secretary and ask about:

 

  • location
  • length of the courses available / schedule
  • course fees
  • accommodation
  • details of the admission and social programme

Remember to:

  • be active and polite
  • ask all the questions
  • decide if this Language School suits you

A Help!

Student

Teacher

Инициирование разговора

  • Hello. I’d like to do a course at this school. Can you give me some information?
  • Hello. I’d like some information on …..
  • Hello. I’m interested in courses for learning English.
  • I want to improve my English speaking  skills. Could you give me some information about your courses?

 

 

 

  • Hello, school ……. Can I help you?

 

  • Of course. What would you like to know?
  • Certainly. What exactly are you looking for?

Развитие разговора

  • What courses are available?

 

  • Could you tell me what….is like?

 

  • First of all, when does …….start?

 

  • When do the lessons begin/ finish?
  • How long does the class last? Do you know how long it takes? How long does the course take to finish?
  • And on which days are the lessons?
  • And what time  are the classes?

 

  • And how much do the courses cost?  Do you have any price rebates for schoolchildren?
  • Do we have to pay an enrolment fee?
  • One more thing. Could you send me an application form, please? What else do I need to have?

 

  • We’ve got two courses, Learn English (for beginners) and Real English (intermediate level)
  • It teaches you all the grammar. It also comes with a CD so that you can hear people speaking English.
  • Well , the course begins …. ( December 1st) and goes through to ……(May 12th)
  • We have… lessons a day. Students go to school 5 days a week.
  • It takes about eight months to finish the course.
  • You can choose to enrol  for the Monday and Wednesday classes  or attend Tuesday and Thursday classes.
  • Again you have a choice. Either 3.00 to 5.00 or 5.30 to 7.30.
  • They are ?150. No/Yes.

 

 

  • Certainly, if you’ll just give me your name and address……

Завершение разговора

  • OK. I’ll take…..(make  choice)
  • Thank you. / Thank you very much! Goodbye.

  • So, have you decided? Would you like me to put your name down for  this course? Which day would you like?
  • That’s fine. I hope to see you on…….(Monday)
  • You’re welcome.

 

Card 2.

You and your friend are thinking of where you could go for a Sunday morning.  Discuss with your friend all the options and choose one you both  like most of all.

 

have a picnic              go cycling                           play a sport                          organize a party

Remember to :

  • ask your friend when he/she can go
  • discuss all the options
  • be active and polite
  • agree or disagree with your friend,  give reasons
  • take your partner’s attitudes into account
  • come to an agreement

A Help!

 

-

+

Have a picnic

The weather forecast isn’t so good. If it rains, we’ll get wet. We’d have to prepare lots of food . There are always lots of ants and other insects at picnics and it can really spoil the fun.

It’s the end of the summer and it might be our last chance to do something outdoors. We could enjoy picturesque scenery and clean air. Escape from the city life. Nobody to remind us about homework. We could get all our friends to bring one dish each so that we don’t have to make all the food.

Go cycling

It’s dangerous as a cyclist can be easily knocked over. Your bike’s faster than mine. I’d be struggling to keep up. Not all our friends have bicycles; so we couldn’t ask them to join us. You breathe unhealthy fumes. It doesn’t protect from rainy weather.

It is environmentally friendly.  It’s economical. Cycling is a great way to get some exercise and have  fun at the same time. We could take our bikes on the train somewhere outside town and cycle there.

Play a sport

It can be quite tiring and I’m not sure I’ve got the energy. Some people will want to play football and some will want to play basketball. They might argue.

It’ll be a great chance to enjoy the last of the summer sunshine. It’s something  that everyone can easily join in with. We can have a prize for the winners.

Organize a party

It sounds like a lot of hard work. We don’t have enough time to organize it and tell everyone about it before the weekend. I don’t think our parents would let us have a party  instead of revising for our exams.

It would be a great way to celebrate the summer, and I’m sure all our friends would love to come. I’ve got some new CDs. We could play those at the party. We could ask our parents to prepare  food and drink.

Card 3.

You are going  to spend one day with your British friend in St Petersburg. Discuss with him/ her where you would like to go and choose one place you’ll both enjoy visiting.

Here is a list of possible places:

 

Park                Zoo                  Museum              Football match

You have to decide on one place only.

Remember to:

  • Ask your friend who he’s going to invite
  • Discuss all the places;
  • Take an active part in the conversation and be polite;
  • Come up with ideas;
  • Give good reasons;
  • Find out your friend’s  attitudes and take them into account;
  • Invite your friend to come up with suggestions;
  • Come to an  agreement.

 

A Help!

 

-

+

Museum

I think museums are boring. It closes early on Wednesdays, at 2 o’clock, so we haven’t got time to see everything. We’ll be tired and exhausted the next day.

We’ll be indoor if it rains. There is a nice caf? where we can have lunch. There is a gift store where we can buy souvenirs. We’ll learn something new and interesting about people, traditions and customs.

Zoo

I have been there hundreds of times. I feel very uncomfortable while seeing the animals in the narrow cages. Some cages don’t smell very nice.  It is too childish! We are not little children.

We can see lots of exotic animals there. We can take a lot of pictures. It’s fascinating to watch sea animals in the pool! We could see some new born animals. It is so exciting. I think it’s worth going there.

Park

It might rain and we’ll be outdoors. There’s nothing to do if the weather is bad.  Young people play football on the grass and there’s nowhere to sit. People walk their dogs there and the grass is dirty.

We can take my dog, he will enjoy it. We can feed the ducks on the pond. We can take some nice walks. We can have a picnic if the weather is fine. We don’t have to spend any money.

Football match

There are too many people; it’s too noisy and crowded. I don’t want to queue for tickets. I’m not a football fan and I prefer playing  football to watching the game.

It’s easy to get to the stadium because it is situated in the centre of the city. Our favourite team may win. They may show  the match  on TV and our friends may see us.

 

Card 4.

You are calling an employment advertisement  for a ……..job. You   want to get  some information about the job:

 

Don’t forget to:

  • ask for a job as a ……./ ask about the salary
  • ask if the position is full-time or part-time
  • Tell employer about your work experience, what you can do
  • Discuss conditions

 

Remember to:

  • Be active and polite
  • Ask all the questions
  • Consider your interests
  • Accept/ refuse

A Help!

 

Student

Teacher

Инициирование разговора

  • Hello, I’m calling in reference to the advertisement  in the paper.
  • I heard you are looking for………? I think I could work for you.

  • Where did you see the advert for this post?

 

  • Could you tell me where you saw the advert for this job, please? (Yes, in the StPetersburg News.)

 

Развитие разговора

 

  • I would like to know if it’s a full or part-time position? (We  are  presently looking for part-time  workers.)
  • How many hours of work is it per week? / What are the working hours for this job?( The working hours are 9- 5. That’s Monday to Friday. You might be asked to work the occasional weekend but we do pay overtime for that.)
  • Is ……experience necessary? ( –We would prefer it if you had at least  some……experience.)
  • Can you tell me what the salary is.
  • Can I come in for an interview? ( Sure pass by tomorrow at……o’clock with your  resume)

 

  • Why are you interested in this sort of job?
  • Tell us about your educational background.
  • Why do you think you’d   be good for this job?
  • Do you have any experience in this kind of work?
  • Do you have any special skills? What are they?
  • How well can you…….?
  • Are you good at……..(doing / using/ making/ writing…..)?
  • What do you think are your strengths and personal qualities?
  • Have you had any experience?   Have you done anything similar?  Have you done anything like that before? Have you done that kind of thing before? (No, I’m more or less straight from school  ./ - Not so far, no. / - Yes, I was doing the same job last summer.)
  • Why did you leave your last job? / Could you tell me why you left your previous job?( -Well, I felt I wanted to pursue a more professional and more advanced career. And I think a ….. business manager of a small company like this would be perfect for me.)

 

Завершение разговора

  • When could I expect to hear from you?
  • Okay. Thank you very much. Good bye.

  • We have a few more people to see, but we hope to reach a decision by Friday. We’ll be in touch by the end of the week.
  • You’ll be informed within the next three days.

 

Card 5.

You are going to the cinema /theatre / concert hall with your friends. You call to  the cinema /  theatre to find   out some information.  Ask a box-office attendant questions about:

 

  • sort of performance / types of films
  • the time of the performance / length of films
  • the ticket price / discounts
  • better seats
  • actors

Remember to:

    • be active and polite
    • ask all the questions
    • decide if you go or not

 

A Help!

 

Student

Teacher

Инициирование разговора

  • Hello! I’d like to book two seats for tomorrow.
  • Are there any seats left for Saturday night?
  • Is it still possible to get tickets for tonight?

  • Hello! Can I help you?    (  Yes, please. I  would like a ticket   for the Saturday     performance in the  front row.)
  • Would you like something in the front stalls? OK. We’ve got a few left.
  • The front row of the dress circle is fairly free.
  • You can sit wherever you like in the first row.
  • A-12 and B-13 are all that’s left.
  • Sorry, but we also have got some in the balcony.

 

Развитие разговора

  • Could you tell me about…..?   What about ……..?
  • Excuse me, can I ask you a couple of questions about….?
  • I’d like to know how long the films are?
  • I wonder if there are night performances?
  • Could you possibly tell the time they are on?
  • Please can you tell me how much it costs?
  • Could I book?
  • I wonder if there are any discounts?
  • Have you got cheaper tickets?  Haven’t you got anything cheaper? (- No, I’m afraid that’s all there is.

- Only if somebody cancels. )

  • How much are the tickets close to the stage?

Выражение одобрения / сожаления по поводу ответной реплики:

  • Sounds good!     That’s a good /great idea.
  • Wow! Really? What a surprise!
  • OK. I think, it’s what I want.
  • What pity! I’m afraid I don’t like the idea.
  • Oh, that’s too much. They are very expensive.
  • Oh, no! That’s too far from the stage. I won’t be able to see the stage, the actors, the scenery well.

  • Of course, what would you like to know?

  • Just a moment. There’s the same performance in the afternoon on Saturday.

  • Let me have a look. A front row ticket is ?50.

  • You could borrow opera glasses.

Завершение разговора

  • Thank you. / Thanks a lot.
  • Here you are.
    • Good. I’ll buy it. Here is the money.
    • You’re welcome.
    • Hope you’ll enjoy the performance.

 

Card 6

You meet a friend who has just come from……( Australia/ Canada/ Britain/ US) . You haven’t seen her/him for a long time and are happy to see your friend again.   Ask your friend questions about:

  • the journey
  • interesting places he visited
  • his impressions

Remember to:

  • Be active and polite
  • Ask all the questions

A Help!

Student

Teacher

Инициирование разговора

  • Hi, how are you? I haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been?

 

 

  • Yes. It’s been a long time. I have just returned from……..

Развитие разговора

  • Oh, great! I have always wanted to visit…. this extraordinary land. But it is a long way, isn’t it?
  • How was the flight?
  • What are the people like? / What are the Australians like?
  • How do they look like?
  • What ( places) impressed you greatly? Why?
  • Where did you go? What did you see? ……..

 

  • You are quite right. It took me more than ….. hours to get there by air / by train/ by ship
  • Well, it was rather long but very comfortable. I love flying, you know.
  • They are very relaxed people. And they love outdoor life.

Just like you and me. But you know, Australia /….  is a country of immigrants. So you can meet people of all nationalities  there………

 

Завершение разговора

  • Would you come to my place for a longer talk? It sounds so interesting. I think my family will get real pleasure from your travel story!
  • With great pleasure. What time is OK for you?

Card 7.

You are  travelling in a foreign country .  During an excursion you are lost. You need to get to your hotel as quickly as possible. Ask a passer-by questions about:

 

  • Transport
  • Time to get there
  • Where the stop is

 

Remember to:

  • Be active and polite
  • Ask all the questions
  • Choose the quickest kind of transport

 

A Help!

 

Student

Teacher

Инициирование разговора

  • Excuse me. I’m a stranger here.            I’ve lost my way.
  • Excuse me, sir. I think I’m lost. Could you tell me how to get to….?

 

 

-Of course, what would you like to know?

- Certainly. Would you like to walk there or to go by the bus?

Развитие разговора

  • Which is the quickest way to get to…?
  • Can you tell me the way to…?
  • Excuse me, can you tell me where …..is?
  • How can I get from here to…?
  • Could you tell me the shortest / quickest  way to……?

 

 

 

 

 

  • Can I walk there or must I  take a bus?     /
  • How long will it take me to get there?
  • How long will it take me to get there by ( bus) ?
  • How far is it to….?
  • Is it far from here? /    Is it too far to walk?

 

  • Where is the stop?   Where is the nearest bus stop?
  • Where does the number….bus stop?
  • At what stop do I get off?    / When shall I get off?          How many stops are there till……?/ Can you tell me where to get off?

 

Выражение одобрения / сожаления по поводу ответной реплики:

  • Oh, great!    That’s a good /great idea.
  • OK. I think, it’s what I want.
  • What pity!
  • Oh, wait.

 

-The best way…/ the quickest…../ the nearest…..

- Go to the bus stop and take No 40 bus. Then you must get off at the metro station… and change to……

- Well, you go down this street until you get to the church…..then you  turn right…..

- You may get there by….or by…..     The best way  to get there is by the   underground.

- Go as far as………    This street is the first turning on the left. - Take the second on the left and then ask again. / Turn left at the traffic-  lights.

 

-  It’s up to you to decide. Trolley bus-about ……minutes.

- Oh, you know, it’s about ......(5 minutes) from here;

-That depends on the kind of transport.

-  Well, it’s rather far from here. It’ll take you …..minutes to

get to…….

- No, you can walk it in under 5   minutes.

 

Завершение разговора

  • Many thanks.  – Not at all.   Thank you. – That’s OK.
  • Thank you very much indeed. – That’s quite all right.
  • Thank you very  much.
  • Thank you for the information.

-You are welcome. / - It’s a pleasure.

-Not at all.

 

 

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